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January 2009

 

  Vindecarea autismului, pasi mici dar siguri
de Alexandra DASCALU

autism_1_APRIL.jpg LUME  PARALELÃ  Contrar a ceea  ce multi cred,  autismul nu este  un handicap rar,  aceastã  tulburare ce  împiedicã  dezvoltarea  normalã a unui  copil este tot mai  des întâlnitã.  Trãind într-o  “lume proprie“,  copiii devin mai retrasi, nu mai manifestã emotii,  îndepãrtându-se de pãrinti. Cei afectati de  acest sindrom au nevoie în permanentã de o  persoanã în preajma lor, în special de  mame. Cu ajutorul specialistilor,  psihologilor, dar în special al pãrintilor,  micutii care suferã de autism pot fi  recuperati.

 PRIMELE SEMNE Autismul este în mare  parte, boala care afecteazã dezvoltarea  creierului în ariile interactiunii sociale si  abilitãtilor de comunicare. Din pãcate, numãrul copiilor ce suferã de aceastã boalã este într-o continuã crestere. În Bârlad, sunt identificati în momentul de fatã aproximativ 25-30 de copii care suferã de autism pur, boala având mai multe forme. “Dupã nasterea acestor copii, nu se observã nimic deosebit în comportamnetul lor de sugar, pâna la vârsta de aproximativ o lunã, când, deja, ei sunt poate putin mai agitati, mai nelinistiti, acceptã mai greu sânul mamei, sunt niste copii mai “nervosi“. Acestea ar fi primele semne, iar mama nu le dã atentie, si nici chiar pediatrul, sau chiar, se întâmplã sã scape si unui neurolog sau unui pshiatru experimentat“, a declarat Eva-Maria Cojocaru, medic neurolog pediatru la Spitalul de copii “Sf. Nicolae“ Bârlad. Progresiv, devine evidentã aparitia bolii, copilul retragându-se într-o lume interioarã în care jocurile “ritualizate“ ocupã un loc important. Se semnaleazã perturbarea comunicãrii, aceasta se manifestã printr-o totalã indiferentã fatã de persoanele din jur.

Vindecarea depinde de pãrinti

PÃRINTELE, COTERAPEUT Elementele esentiale pentru recuperarea copiilor cu autism sunt afectiunea si întelegerea pãrintilor. “Pãrintele acceptã cu greu boala copilului, prima fazã este de refuz si de a consulta mai multi specialisti. El ajunge sã afle de la mai multi specialisti acelasi lucru, începe sã se documenteze, iar acesta este un moment important pentru noi, câstigãm pãrintele de partea copilului sãu. Sunt si cazuri în care pãrintii, fiind atât de traumatizati de diagnoistic, vor evita unele servicii, terapii. Dacã l-am câstigat de partea noastrã, atunci este coterapeutul nostru, va ajuta la vindecarea propriului copil, important este ca pãrintele sã nu perceapã boala ca pe o vinã“, sustine medicul neurolog pediatru Eva-Maria Cojocaru.

Terapia ABA, calea spre vindecare
Pentru ca micutul sã se poatã dezvolta normal, este nevoie de un tratament de specialitate, pe care doar psihiatrul îl recomndã. Terapia cu rezultatele cele mai bune este ABA(analiza comportamentalã aplicatã), care duce la o recuperare aproape totalã. În cadrul acesteia, copiii îsi dezvoltã initial, abilitãtile simple, precum, privitul, ascultarea si imitarea celor din jur, trecându-se la activitãti mai complexe, cum sunt cititul si conversatia. “Toti copiii care au beneficiat de terapia ABA au dat rezultate foarte bune. Avem un caz, un copil care tocmai a iesit din terapia ABA, fiind considerat recuperat, este un copil care va merge la scoalã în toamnã. Copilul are acum 6 ani, a fost diagnosticat la 2-3 ani, si a fost supus unui tratament care a durat trei ani. Este meritul Fundatiei Cristi’s Outreach, ei fac aceastã terapie, marele avantaj fiind acela cã totul este gratis“, a mai precizat medic neurolog pediatru Eva-Maria Cojocaru.

 

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English Interpretation

Curing autism: small but meaningful steps
By Alexandra Dascalu

autism_1_APRIL.jpg PARALLEL  WORLDS:  Contrary to  most beliefs,  autism is not  a rare  handicap;  this  disability,  which  interferes  with the  normal  development  of a child, is  more and more frequent.  Living in a “world of their own,” these children become withdrawn, do not show emotion, and don’t interact with their parents. Those affected by this syndrome require that someone, particularly their mothers, be with them continuously. With the help of specialists, psychologists, and most importantly that of their parents, children diagnosed with autism can be recovered.

THE FIRST SIGNS: Autism is a disorder that mainly affects the development of social interaction and communication skills. Unfortunately, the number of children who is affected by this disorder is constantly increasing.  In Barlad, there are currently 25-30 children diagnosed with classical autism alone, and the disorder can appear in several other forms. “Immediately after birth there is nothing unusual in the behavior of these children, until maybe when they are about one month old and they are more agitated, more restless and more difficult to nurse than usual. These would be the first signs, but mothers do not attend to them, neither do pediatricians, and it often happens that these signs are not seen by experimented neurologists or psychiatrists.” says Eva-Maria Cojocaru, pediatric neurologist at the St. Nicholas Children’s Hospital in Barlad. In time the disorder becomes obvious, as the child becomes lingers in an inside world in which ritualistic games are very important. Disordered communication is also observed, manifested by a complete indifference to other people.

Treatment depends on the parents

THE PARENT AS A COTHERAPIST: The parents’ understanding and love are critical elements in the treatment of children with autism. “A parent accepts with difficulty that their child has a disorder, and in the primary phase they deny it and ask the opinion of more than one specialist. All the specialists tell the parent the same things and at this point the parent begins to research the disorder. This is an important phase because it is the moment the parent takes their child’s side.  There are cases in which parents, traumatized by their child’s diagnostic, avoid accessing certain services or therapies.  When we get the parents on our side they become co-therapists and participate in their child’s treatment. It is important, however, that the parents do not perceive the disorder as being their fault” says pediatric neurologist Eva-Maria Cojocaru.

ABA therapy, the road to a cure

For a little one to develop typically, specialized treatment is necessary and this treatment can be recommended only by a psychiatrist. The therapy with the best results is ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis), which can lead to full recovery. Through this therapy children develop, at first, their basic skills, such as responding to name, attending and imitation, and then they move on to complex skills, such as conversation and reading. “All children who were provided with ABA therapy have progressed very well.  We have one case, a child who recently stopped receiving ABA; he is considered recovered and will attend a general education school this fall. The child is six years old, was diagnosed at 2-3 years of age, and received therapy for three years. Cristi’s Outreach Foundation provides ABA therapy; this is all thanks to them and the fact that their services are free” says Eva-Maria Cojocaru.

 

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